BACKGROUND. }, 36 Yan and I stopped on our way home to watch the firemen battle the blaze. Background: The Founding of ThebesThe princess Europa disappeared from the coasts of Phoenicia on the back of a bull (Zeus in disguise had kidnapped her). Acteon was turned into a stag by Artemis and then torn apart by his own dogs. { sarahm62 Laius abducted Chryssipus and was eventually arrested by Chryssipus\u2019 half brothers. * The tragic story of Oedipus is included in this chapter, as he was a member of this family. Cadmus and his brothers went to search for Europa. "width": "800" "contentUrl": "https://slideplayer.com/slide/1469048/4/images/60/Catharsis+The+protagonist+s+actions+should+arouse+feelings+of+both+pity+and+fear+in+the+audience..jpg", Banished from Corinth Continuing to believe that Polybus was his real father, Oedipus attempted to change his fate by vowing to banish himself from Corinth, never to return, so that he could not harm his father or mother. The Sparti were the progenitors of the following generations of citizens of Thebes. Freedom of Will and ActionEach person is expected to accept his fate and fulfill it with dignity. Thebes was originally called Cadmeia. over the throne. The Trojan War, and The Fall of Troy, Part Six. A tragic protagonist must have magnitude; his struggles are great because he is important to society. Oedipus means swollen foot. "@context": "http://schema.org", "description": "Each person is expected to accept his fate and fulfill it with dignity. Placing oneself in a position of superiority over other. Chryssipus was eventually murdered by the queen, who wanted her own sons to inherit the throne. In anger, Oedipus killed the driver, the passenger, and all of his retainers except one, who escaped. "@context": "http://schema.org", ", Intro to Oedipus 1. Sophocles BC Most awarded playwright of ancient Athens Wrote 120 Plays o Only 7 complete plays exist o Fragments. Although her prophecies were destined to come true, her messages often consisted of incomplete information, and what she said was confusing for humans to completely understand. What did the Sphinx do when Oedipus answered her riddle? "@type": "ImageObject", 2. What happened to the last five dragon-men? As his reward for freeing the city, Oedipus becomes There, Laius fell in love with Pelops' son, Chrysippus. { "description": "Cadmus and Harmonia are turned into Snakes", Oedipus and the Sphinx Polyneices and Eteocles despised their father for what he had done, even though it was not his fault. "@context": "http://schema.org", He sent some of his men to draw water from a spring (later called Dirce) belonging to Ares (the god of war). { }, 58 { "contentUrl": "https://slideplayer.com/slide/1469048/4/images/26/King+Laius%3A+A+Curse+on+the+House+of+Thebes.jpg", The Phoenician princess Europa was carried off over the sea by a bull, and her father, Agenor, commanded his sons, including Cadmus, to find her. Cadmus married Harmonia. ", Usually single place. "@type": "ImageObject", "description": "Zeus = Io. The hero would become the king of Thebes. { This was easily achieved through the use of masks instead of superfluous and over-the-top makeup. }, 32 at Delphi tells Cadmus to break off from the group and establish The Truth and its ConsequencesUltimately, the two shepherds who had been involved in Laius plot to kill his son came forth and revealed their roles, and the truth that Oedipus was, in fact, the son of Laius, and that Jocasta was his mother. It appears that you have an ad-blocker running. { }, 34 Eteocles and Polynices met in combat and killed each other. Who ultimately won in the battle of the Seven against Thebes? "@type": "ImageObject", The princess Europa disappeared from the coasts of Phoenicia on the back of a bull (Zeus in disguise had kidnapped her). ", "@context": "http://schema.org", Eteocles eventually wins, but Polyneices assembles It devoured Cadmus men. Adrastus immediately recognized the true meaning of the oracle, stopped the fight, and married his daughters to them. Cadmus and Europa were descendants of the god Zeus (his great-great grandchildren). Cadmus The First King of ThebesCadmus and his sister Europa were the children of Agenor I, the king of Phoenicia. It devoured Cadmus' men. Oedipus became king of Thebes and married Jocasta. Cadmus confronted the dragon and killed it. What would Cadmus come upon when he left Delphi? "name": "Temple of Apollo at Didyma", }, 10 Greek Tragedy Performed during festivals worshipping Dionysus, the god of wine, fertility, rebirth Actors and playwrights competed Choral -- singing seems to have been an important part a chorus of men (varied in size form 3 to 50) -- many think the choral song -- dithyramb-- was the beginnings of Greek drama (but origins are unclear) Closely associated with religion - stories based on myth or history Polyneices and Eteocles despised their father for what he had done, even though it was not his fault. Is an uncommon man who possesses the greatness to battle his own destiny. be put to death. Oedipus becomes a famous liberator and marries the late king's wife, Jocasta. one day kill his father. }, 16 To view this video please enable JavaScript, and consider upgrading to a web browser that "@type": "ImageObject", "@context": "http://schema.org", "width": "800" "@type": "ImageObject", Teiresias tells Creon that Thebes will be saved if Creons When did Cadmus and Harmonia leave Thebes? "@context": "http://schema.org", We've encountered a problem, please try again. And so the play Antigone beginsThe Characters Creon: acting King of Thebes Eurydice: his wife Haemon: their son, and fianc of Antigone Antigone and Ismene: the daughters of Oedipus The Chorus and Leader: represent the voices of the citizens of Thebes and serve as advisors to Creon A Sentry: charged with guarding the body of Polyneices A Messenger Tiresias: the blind prophet of Thebes who can predict the future and interpret signs sent by the gods }, 12 }, 60 "width": "800" "width": "800" ", He suffers from a reversal of fortune or fall from high to low. Now customize the name of a clipboard to store your clips. supports HTML5 video, Published byBret Crosby "@type": "ImageObject", { oxen. Labdacus\u2019 son was Laius. Ares dragon had a golden crest, flashed fire from its eyes, had a triple tongue, teeth ranged in triple rows, and its body was swollen with poison. "name": "Examples of Tragic Masks", Athena told him to plant the dragons teeth in the earth. Youve successfully purchased a group discount. The House of Thebes was in many ways as unlucky as the House of Atreus, but their troubles seemed a lot less deserved. ", "width": "800" The Royal House of Thebes Chapter 18 Answer the following questions in complete sentences. Meanwhile, Back in ThebesThe guard returned to the Palace of Thebes to reveal the news that King Laius had been murdered by a band of robbers. As Oedipus left Thebes, he cursed his sons and told them that their inheritance would be divided by the sword. Although characters may die in Greek Tragedies, the tragedy arises from the protagonists poor choices which result from his tragic flaw. The battle raged on, and only Adrastus escaped death. It had trouble with its surrounding, from nature to man. "width": "800" The Oracle of Apollo at Delphi warned him not to have a son because that son was fated to kill his own father. ANTIGONE By: Sophocles. creating and saving your own notes as you read. "width": "800" Topic Tracking: Women 18Topic Tracking: Atrocity 11Topic Tracking: Fate 10, Part 1: The Gods, The Creation, Chapter 1: The Titans, Part 1, Chapter 3: How the World and Men were Created, Part 2: Stories of Love, Chapter 1: Cupid and Psyche, Part 2, Chapter 2: Eight Brief Tales of Lovers, Part 2, Chapter 3: The Quest for the Golden Fleece, Part 3: Heroes Before the Trojan War, Chapter 1: Perseus, Part 4: Heroes of the Trojan War, Chapter 1: The Trojan War, Part 4, Chapter 3: The Adventures of Odysseus, Part 4, Chapter 4: The Adventures of Aeneas, Part 5: Great Families, Chapter 1: The House of Atreus, Part 5, Chapter 2: The Royal House of Thebes, Part 5, Chapter 3: The Royal House of Athens, Part 6: Less Important Myths, Chapter 1: Midas and Others, Part 6, Chapter 2: Brief Myths Arranged Alphabetically. Ten years later, the sons of the original seven heroes who fought against Thebes organized another expedition, they took Thebes, sacked it, and destroyed it. Ares\u2019 dragon had a golden crest, flashed fire from its eyes, had a triple tongue, teeth ranged in triple rows, and its body was swollen with poison. Apollo and The Temple at Delphi Sphinx means the strangler. "description": "The guard returned to the Palace of Thebes to reveal the news that King Laius had been murdered by a band of robbers. ", }, 63 "width": "800" the throne passes to Creon. his own eyes. Theseus honors Oedipus for his unwitting suffering, and the tortured There the oracle told him to buy an ox which had a moon-shaped mark on its side, and to drive it before him. Read the excerpts from " The Royal House of Thebes " and " The Story of a Warrior Queen . Cadmus son was Polydorus. His father said not to return without her. "description": "An Example of Greek Architecture. "@type": "ImageObject", Oedipus Haemon Menoeceus II. { He has unknowingly killed his father. Looks like youve clipped this slide to already. This practice is extremely useful for the following reasons: There were times when a single actor or actress had to play more than one character in the script. When Jocasta bore a son, Laius had his feet pinned together (to keep his ghost from walking) and ordered a shepherd to abandon the baby on Mount Cithaeron near Thebes. 1409 R Street. By accepting, you agree to the updated privacy policy. SparkNotes PLUS ", "@context": "http://schema.org", Colonus, where the Benignant Goddesses had a refuge for suppliants. Oedipus, who has grown up in Corinth as the son of King Polybus, approaches. "width": "800" Oedipus began his investigation and little by little, the facts came out, but Oedipus\u2019 pride would not allow him to accept the testimony of his witnesses. Cadmus and Harmonia were turned into serpents because he had killed the dragon of Ares. Harmonia's necklace, which was taken to Delphi, [M] Mythology by Edith Hamilton: Chapter 1 (t, Byron Almen, Dorothy Payne, Stefan Kostka, John Lund, Paul S. Vickery, P. Scott Corbett, Todd Pfannestiel, Volker Janssen, The Language of Composition: Reading, Writing, Rhetoric, Lawrence Scanlon, Renee H. Shea, Robin Dissin Aufses. The Sphinx asks, What creature goes on four feet in the morning, . Delphi. Meanwhile, in Argos, Adrastus, king of Argos, had learned from an oracle that he must "yoke his daughters to a boar and a lion." "@type": "ImageObject", Laius Attempts to Change his FateIn his fear that the Oracles prophecy would come true, Laius plotted to kill his son. Also, all of the bodies of the dead Argives would be left on the battlefield to rot. { join him, and the seven attack the seven gates of Thebes. }, 42 "@type": "ImageObject", In his fear that the Oracles prophecy would come true, Laius plotted to kill his son. { One of the seven champions survived. Eteocles Polyneices Ismene Antigone* * Haemon and Antigone. Greek masks helped conceal the men's faces while they played the female parts, suspending disbelief. { Also, all of the bodies of the dead Argives would be left on the battlefield to rot. "width": "800" (one code per order). The Burial of the Dead All people have the right to a proper burial, as designated by the laws of the gods. Boadicea tells the Roman leader that she will speak with her sword. Also, all of the bodies of the dead Argives would be left on the battlefield to rot. { This structural conflict is masked by the myth. }, 52 He sowed dragon's teeth into the ground at the advice of the god . Because they were twins, Eteocles and Polyneices agreed to share the throne by ruling in alternate years. "@context": "http://schema.org", However, Pelops did not wish to punish a man on account of his love. "description": "", This practice is extremely useful for the following reasons: There were times when a single actor or actress had to play more than one character in the script. The hero would become the king of Thebes. People will probably never perfect time travel. 68 terms. "contentUrl": "https://slideplayer.com/slide/1469048/4/images/34/Meanwhile%2C+Back+in+Thebes.jpg", "name": "A Kingdom Divided Creon once again served as Regent of Thebes until Oedipus died and Eteocles and Polyneices were old enough to rule. ", Contact us Oedipus and Jocasta successfully ruled Thebes for many years. Ismene came to him before he died. The gods took exception to the abduction (not to Laius love for Chryssipus) and set a curse on Laius that would last for three generations. "description": "Sophocles: Greek Playwright. "contentUrl": "https://images.slideplayer.com/4/1469048/slides/slide_22.jpg", "width": "800" Oedipus, in his shame, took the two brooches from Jocastas gown and plunged the pins into his eyes, thus blinding himself from the vision of what he had done. Hubris results in a tragic end or punishment. ", Seven armies with seven chieftains returned to Thebes and attacked its gates. dies while pregnant with Dionysus; Ino becomes the wicked stepmother }, 13 "@context": "http://schema.org", Instead of abandoning the baby, Laius shepherd gave it to another shepherd, who in turn took the child to the city of Corinth. In Laius's absence, Thebes is besieged by the Sphinx, a monster who devours anyone who cannot answer her riddle. The Myth of Oedipus Laius (King of Thebes) and Jocasta (Queen) conceive a child. He then withdrew, blessed his daughters, and vanished before Theseus. Is a basically good and noble person who causes his own downfall, and possibly that of others around him, because of a tragic flaw. Many years later, a terrible Sphinx (who put a riddle to every traveler and killed him when he did not answer correctly) besieged Thebes. "name": "During the Battle Creon\u2019s son, Menoeceus II sacrificed his life so that Thebes could win the war. "name": "Important Cities Pay attention to the next two maps. She bore two sons, Polynices and Eteocles, and two daughters, Antigone and Ismene. Report DMCA. Sarahm62 Laius abducted Chryssipus and was eventually murdered by the Queen, wanted... Reward for freeing the city, Oedipus Haemon Menoeceus II that their inheritance would be by! From nature to man store your clips their inheritance would be left on the battlefield to rot could. Nature to man in anger, Oedipus killed the driver, the passenger, and married his,! 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