Reactive and Functional Polymers 2018, 127, 168-176. Collecting tank 19 is in fluid communication with outlet conduit 21 through which liquid hydrolysate comprising polyethers (or polyesters) can be withdrawn from collecting tank 19 and reactor housing 11. C. in a reaction zone containing water vapor which comprises increasing the rate of diamine production by inclusion of a minor, but effective amount of ammonia in the reaction zone. improve the applicability of hydrolyzed lignosulfonate in polyurethane foam. HF402 can be used for residential, commercial and/or industrial applications. In lieu of an abstract, this is the article's first page. Bulk Material Handling, Mining & Construction. The Reclamation of Flexible Polyurethane Foam. It is the essential part of the polyurethane molecule. Librarians & Account Managers. Hydrolysis and biodegradation. How can the Material be Cleaned? The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. The density of essentially all such foams fall within the range of about 2 to about 64 lbs./ft3. Polyether-esterurethanes containing synthetic poly[(R,S)-3-hydroxybutyrate] (R,S-PHB) and polyoxytetramethylenediol in soft segments and polyesterurethanes with poly(ε-caprolactone) and poly[(R,S)-3-hydroxybutyrate] were blended with poly([D,L]-lactide) (PLA). Jul 29, 2015 #2 Hiya Similar with my neighbours Timberland boots - after a protracted communication saga he was eventually refunded 90£ by Timberland in the US towards a replacement … A commercially available mammary implant containing a soft polyester polyurethane foam shell has been examined for possible diamine hydrolysis products. If the reaction is carried out in the presence of an activating mixture, which includes water or an equivalent agent for hydrolyzing the diisocyanate, the accompanying evolution of carbon dioxide makes the mixture self-foaming so that the resulting resin block has a foam-like or cellular structure. The temperature is maintained at 270° C. and the pressure is one atmosphere for all runs. Thus, the polyurethane foam can be degraded with 90–100% C 2 –C 6 glycol and 0–10% C 4 –C 8 dialkanolamine mixtures at 175–250°C . In Runs B, C, D and E, the molar ratio of ammonia to water in the hydrolysis zone is: The results in Table I are based upon the total grams of toluene diamine recovered (per 100 grams foam) at the end of each time interval. In the more preferred aspects of this invention, only very minor amounts of ammonia are surprisingly required and the amount of water required remains about the same. When cover 35 is removed, polyurethane foam or objects such as the illustrated head rest can be lowered into hydrolysis zone 13 through opening 37 to wire mesh support member 17, and, in the case of the latter, removed from hydrolysis zone 13 when the polyurethane has been hydrolyzed from the object. Production of Polyurethanes. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. 521/49, 521/63, 521/918, 528/44, 528/67, 564/393, 568/613, 568/675. The ammonia is introduced into the hydrolysis zone through conduit 40. Hg. The drawing is a schematic view, partially in section, showing one arrangement of apparatus suitable for carrying out the method of this invention. in specific polyurethane applications JUNE 2001. & Terms of Use. The new product is aimed at footwear. Wiles [11] states that polyester PUR is more resistant to hydrolysis than polyether PUR, and Keneghan believes that oxidation is the significant pathway for both groups [12]. Ziyue Dai, Bunpei Hatano, Hideyuki Tagaya. Resistance properties (hydrolysis) Urethane groups are very resistant to water (hydrolysis) over a wide range of acid and basic conditions. Polyurethane Waste Reduction and Recycling: From Bench to Pilot Scales. In the presence of water the isocyanate reacts with water. In the drawing, reactor housing 11 encloses a hydrolysis zone 13. This breakdown is evident when the liner starts chipping and crumbling and eventually peels away from the embedded weldplates and falls out. Why it is interesting: Polyurethanes containing thermally reversible hindered urea bonds (HUBs) have been discussed before in this blog. Reactor housing 11 is here shown equipped with a removable cover 35 having a handle 35-1. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to characterize the morphology of polyurethane foam because the mechanical properties are primarily influenced by the apparent density, thickness, and size of the open-cells (Gibson and Ashby 1997). TIME A B C D E. Another source of waste polyurethane foams is to be found in factory rejects of items having a base of metal supporting polyurethane foam formed in place. John O. Akindoyo, M. D. H. Beg, Suriati Ghazali, M. R. Islam, Nitthiyah Jeyaratnam, A. R. Yuvaraj. Hydrolysis Residue Based-Polyurethane Foams. P. Zhu, Z.B. The group formed by the reaction between the two molecules is known as the 'urethane linkage'. The present invention relates to an improved process for the treatment of polyether-based polyurethane reaction products whereby the active hydrogen-containing polyethers utilized in preparing the polyurethanes are recovered in high yield under relatively mild hydrolysis conditions. Bio-based polyurethane foam preparation employing lignin from corn stalk enzymatic hydrolysis residues†. Toxic hydrolysis product from a biodegradable foam implant. Reactor housing 11 is in fluid communication with inlet conduit 39 through which water vapor, e.g., superheated steam is continuously or intermittently introduced into hydrolysis zone 13. In each run, a standard sample of a polyurethane foam (density 2.1 lb./cu. & Account Managers, For per cubic foot foam was designed to set up in the presence of water and to maintain dimensional stability in wet environments. It can also improve flexible foam’s anti-chalking performance, the company’s Shanghai subsidiary general manager Michael Chiu told UTECH-polyurethane.com . Further, total pressures up to about 2 atmospheres are preferred, e.g. The chair is given its individual shape by filling out the seat surface with the foam as a life-size doll sits in the chair. In this example, the procedures of Example I are generally followed except rather than introducing a separate stream of ammonia into the reaction zone, a solution of ammonium hydroxide is evaporated and passed into the reaction zone through a single conduit to provide effective ammonia and water vapor concentrations. Hydrolysis and polyurethane explained. Kryptane® Polyurethane Engineered to Perform. Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English. You have to login with your ACS ID befor you can login with your Mendeley account. Jin-Jie Ge, Kokki Sakai, Decomposition of polyurethane foams derived from condensed tannin II: Hydrolysis and aminolysis of polyurethane foams, Journal of Wood Science, 10.1007/BF00526253, 44, 2, (103-105), (1998). At the end of 5, 10, 20 and 40 minute intervals, the total amount of diamine recovered is determined. The diamines may then be recovered from the water by distillation. In such operations, up to about 30 percent of the starting material may end up as scrap. Mir Mohammad Alavi Nikje, Amir Bagheri Garmarudi, Azni B. Idris. The gases were trapped above paraffin oil. Such is easily accomplished with conventional equipment. Experimental work and data analysis were performed by Nubla Mahmood. Runs J-M are made at a temperature of 250° C. The relative molar ratio of ammonia to water vapor introduced in each of the Runs is as follows: The polyurethane foam in Examples I-III is made by reacting a composition consisting essentially of toluene diisocyanates with essentially ester free tri hydroxy poly-ether. Thermoplastic polyurethanes with glycolysate intermediates from polyurethane waste recycling. Chemical Depolymerization of Polyurethane Foams via Glycolysis and Hydrolysis. © 2004-2020 FreePatentsOnline.com. Polyurethane foam (including foam rubber) ... Higher-energy UV radiation promotes chemical reactions in foam, some of which are detrimental to the foam structure. For example, the device of U.S. Ser. In those runs using ammonia, the gaseous ammonia and water vapor are introduced from a tank of compressed ammonia and a water boiler. The elastomeric properties of the sealant allow for 25–50% movement. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING AND PREFERRED EMBODIMENT. Adhesives and sealants . Volitilized diamines separated from the foam are preferably removed from the reaction zone, e.g. This reaction mixture will commonly include in minor amounts a chlorinated aromatic amine, e.g., 4,4' - diamino, 3,5,3',5' tetrachloro diphenyl methane, and an emulsifying agent, e.g., an alkyloenzene sulfonate - triethanolamine salt. All rights reserved. Zhang, G.R. at the same time to compare the hydrolysis resistance of these polyurethanes with that of the new polyurethane thus prepd. ft.) is exposed (in a device as shown by FIG. In the last two decades the use of polyurethane (PU) products was increasing many folds in upholstered furniture, insulation in walls, roofs, medical appliances, footwear, coatings, adhesives, automotive interiors, in flooring elastomers, etc. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days. Glycolysis recycling of rigid waste polyurethane foam from refrigerators. Hg to 1140 mm. Glycolysis of polyurethane foams and elastomers. A commercially available mammary implant containing a soft polyester polyurethane foam shell has been examined for possible diamine hydrolysis products. 816,636, filed July 18, 1977 in the name of L. R. A limited market exists for a portion of this new scrap. In the embodiment illustrated in the drawing, hydrolysis zone 13 is maintained at a pressure of substantially one (1) atmosphere, i.e., between 1 and 1.5 atmospheres. The liquid polymeric product derived, as described above, is also collected. Processing of Plastic Waste and Scrap Tires into Chemical Raw Materials, Especially by Pyrolysis. About 1 part of water per 100 parts of foam is necessary for complete hydrolysis. Shiyun Zhu ab, Kefu Chen ab, Jun Xu * ab, Jun Li a and Lihuan Mo a a State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China. Khalid Mahmood Zia, Haq Nawaz Bhatti, Ijaz Ahmad Bhatti. The foam metal substrate is produced by coating polyurethane foam with a layer of nickel, e.g., by electroplating. This is a common problem with shoes left in a closet, and reacting with moisture in the air. Chapter 9: Low pressure depolymerization of hydrolysis lignin for the preparation of bio-based rigid polyurethane foam . No. Buyer beware . 3,404,103 and 3,441,616. This article is cited by Hydrolysis lignin (HL) was liquefied to a low average molecular weight (M w) intermediate by employing a 50/50 (v/v) water–ethanol mixture.The effects of process parameters including the reaction temperature, the reaction time and the HL concentration were investigated and the liquefied hydrolysis lignin (LHL) products obtained were characterized by GPC, FTIR and 1 H NMR. It is to be understood that the principles of this invention are also applicable to other devices which can be employed to hydrolyze polyurethane foams. Optionally, the liquid hydrolysate may be removed from collecting tank 19 through a side-stream conduit, not shown. Recent Developments in Shredder Downstream Separation Processes and Recycling Options for Automotive Shredder Residue. A liquid product of the hydrolysis of polyurethane collects below the polyurethane and can be recovered from the lower part of the reaction zone. A Thermoplastic RIM System for Automotive Fascia. Uses of polyurethanes. Blending of polyether-esterurethanes with PLA caused t… Authors: Nubla Mahmood, Zhongshun Yuan, John Schmidt, Chunbao (Charles) Xu Status: To be submitted to Journal of Materials Chemistry . This leads to formation of carbon dioxide and gassing or foaming. The concentration of water vapor and ammonia in the reaction zone is advantageously maintained such that their combined partial pressure is between 380 mm. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.) The WT-PUF exhibited almost the same stability to a hydrolytic treatment at room temperature as trimethylolpropane (TMP)-PUF, which was prepared by cross-linking with TMP. A reaction time of 2 and 2.5 h, respectively, was used for the foam and the elastomer. Search this thread. Publication date: 2-03-1965 “Gist”: PU foams are reticulated by hydrolysis or explosion. Situated in hydrolysis zone 13 is a (factory-reject) head rest 15 for occupants of automobiles which consists of a metal frame 15-1 which is in part covered by a polyurethane foam pad 15-2. Find more information about Crossref citation counts. Article Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. And data analysis were performed by Nubla Mahmood the Altmetric Attention Score is a problem. Preparation employing lignin from corn stalk enzymatic hydrolysis residues† compressed ammonia and water. Altmetric Attention Score is a common problem with shoes left in a closet, and reacting moisture... The embedded weldplates and falls out in those runs using ammonia, the ammonia. By electroplating hydrolyzed lignosulfonate in polyurethane foam shell has been examined for possible diamine products. 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