Although many are of Mexica design, there are also abundant items from other peoples, brought in as tribute or through trade. By the 20th century, scholars had a good idea where to look for it. Auf den Ruinen wurde Mexiko-Stadt erbaut, wodurch das Aztekenreich für Hunderte von Jahren verborgen blieb. [11], The pyramid was composed of four sloped terraces with a passage between each level, topped by a great platform that measured approximately 80 by 100 meters (262 by 328 feet). Adjoining this palace is the temple for these warriors—also known as the Red Temple. It dominated both the Sacred Precinct and the entire city. The Aztecs considered Templo Mayor, or the “Main Temple,” to be the center of the universe. Item Kit de Melhoria necessário para atualizar o edifício uma era. [6], After the destruction of Tenochtitlan, the Templo Mayor, like most of the rest of the city, was taken apart and the area redeveloped by new structures of the Spanish colonial city. Olmec mask (Olmec-style mask) Feathered headdress. Templo Mayor Remnants of the Templo Mayor, the principal pyramid of the Mexica Empire remain standing in the heart of downtown (just off the Zocalo). Today of course, there is nothing left that stood much higher than where the serpents are today. Templo mayor was the main temple of the empire, honoring and worship of the two most important gods to … [24], Images of the gods Huehueteotl-Xiuhtecuhtli, together with Tlaloc, presided over most of the offerings found in the Templo Mayor. Height: 60m/197ft The gods: Huitzilopochtli and Tlaloc Distinctives: A double temple Completed: 1497 Materials: Built of stone and covered with stucco and polychrome paint Templo Mayor was a part of the sacred area of the city of Tenochtitlan, now Mexico City. Templo Mayor ist die spanische Bezeichnung für huey teocalli, den Großen Tempel in der 1325 gegründeten aztekischen Hauptstadt Tenochtitlan, die 1521 von den Spaniern erobert und zerstört wurde. The two temples were approximately 60 meters (200 feet) in height, and each had large braziers where the sacred fires continuously burned. The most prized work is a large pot with the god's face in high relief that still preserves much of the original blue paint. His shrine at the temple was the most important and largest. [9], To excavate, 13 buildings in this area had to be demolished. The relief on the stone was later determined to be Coyolxauhqui, Huitzilopochtli's sister, and was dated to the end of the 15th century. In fact, much of Mexico City was built over Tenochtitlan, but some original sites remain, including the Great Temple, known as Templo Mayor, which was the most important building in the city. Derzeit kostet der Eintritt 35,00 $, beliebte Führungen sind ab ca. In 1519, this was the last day of Tlacaxipehualiztli, that is, precisely the day of the feast of the month. A chacmool was uncovered as well. Templo Mayor at Tenochtitlan, the Coyolxauhqui Stone, and an Olmec Mask . These artifacts are now housed in the Templo Mayor Museum. The upper one is a frieze with undulating serpents in bas-relief. Leopoldo Batres did some excavation work at the end of the 19th century under the Mexico City Metropolitan Cathedral because at the time, researchers thought the cathedral had been built over the ruins of the temple. Tenochtitlan was the capital of the Mexica (Aztec) Empire, a magnificent city built on islets on Lake Texcoco, in the Anahuac basin in central Mexico. From 1978 to 1982 he directed excavations at the Templo Mayor, the remains of a major Aztec pyramid in central Mexico City.. Matos Moctezuma graduated with a master's degree in archaeology from the National School of Anthropology and History and a master's degree in anthropology from the National Autonomous … One of the sunset dates corresponding to the east–west axis of the late stages, including the last, is 4 April, which in the Julian calendar of the 16th century was equivalent to 25 March. [4][5][7], The third temple was built between 1427 and 1440 during the reign of Itzcoatl. [16], According to tradition, the Templo Mayor is located on the exact spot where the god Huitzilopochtli gave the Mexica people his sign that they had reached the promised land: an eagle on a nopal cactus with a snake in its mouth. The temple was called the Huēyi Teōcalli [we:ˈi teoːˈkali][1] in the Nahuatl language. Templo Mayor was destroyed by the Spanish in 1521 C.E. However, the discovery did not generate great public interest in excavating further, because the zone was an upper-class residential area. He built three shrines and the House of the Eagle Warriors. The entire building was originally covered with stucco and polychrome paint. These stairways were used only by the priests and sacrificial people. The Sacred Precinct was walled off and this wall was decorated with serpent heads. Templo Mayor was the principal sites of Tenochtitlan, the former capital of the Aztec empire. Templo Mayor was the main Aztec temple located in the capital of Tenochtitlan, or what is now known as Mexico City. Dimensions and Form The Templo Mayor was the most important structure at the centre of a large sacred precinct measuring 365 m (1,200 ft) on each side and surrounded by a wall which, because of its snake relief carvings, was known as the coatepantli or ‘Serpent Wall’. [7] This was based on the archeological work done at the end of the 19th century and the first half of the 20th. Only a platform to the north and a section of paving in the courtyard on the south side can still be seen. Tenochtitlan was the capital of the Mexica (Aztec) Empire, a magnificent city built on islets on Lake Texcoco, in the Anahuac basin in central Mexico. The Templo Mayor was a twin temple, devoted to the Aztecs two main deities. Ir para: navegação, pesquisa. Also located here are the two large ceramic statues of the god Mictlantecuhtli which were found in the House of the Eagle Warriors who were dedicated to Huitzilopochtli. In 1948, Hugo Moedano and Elma Estrada Balmori excavated a platform containing serpent heads and offerings. Each stairway was defined by balustrades flanking the stairs terminating in menacing serpent heads at the base. This stage is considered to have the richest of the architectural decorations as well as sculptures. [5] The site is part of the Historic Center of Mexico City, which was added to the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1987. … During excavations, more than 7,000 objects were found, mostly offerings including effigies, clay pots in the image of Tlaloc, skeletons of turtles, frogs, crocodiles, and fish; snail shells, coral, some gold, alabaster, Mixtec figurines, ceramic urns from Veracruz, masks from what is now Guerrero state, copper rattles, and decorated skulls and knives of obsidian and flint. Games were played barefoot, and players used their hips to move a heavy ball to stone rings. As the southern half of the Great Temple represented Coatepec (on the side dedicated to Huitzilopochtli), the great stone disk with Coyolxauhqui's dismembered body was found at the foot of this side of the temple. Sacrifices could also take place to commemorate important state events. These twin shrines were their Templo Mayor, or Great Temple. [5], Most of what is known about this temple is based on the historical record. Olmec mask (Olmec-style mask) Feathered headdress. [10][17] This indicates the place where the plane of the world that humans live in intersects the thirteen levels of the heavens, called Topan and the nine levels of the underworld, called Mictlan. Trotz der fast völligen Zerstörung konnte das Team des mexikanischen Archäologen Eduardo Matos Moctezuma 1978 einen vierstufigen Unterbau des Tempels freilegen. This is the currently selected item. [9], The excavated site consists of two parts: the temple itself, exposed and labeled to show its various stages of development, along with some other associated buildings, and the museum, built to house the smaller and more fragile objects. One of the best preserved and most important is the Palace (or House) of the Eagle Warriors. Ten of these Spanish captives were immediately sacrificed at the Temple and their severed heads were thrown back to the Spaniards. Aztec Architecture: Templo Mayor. All the temples, including the Templo Mayor, were sacked, taking all objects of gold and other precious materials. In 2014, we celebrated the 100th anniversary of the discovery of the Templo Mayor. Die dazugehörige Rosenkranzkapelle (spanisch: Capilla … [4], The Zócalo, or main plaza of Mexico City today, was developed to the southwest of this archeological site, which is located in the block between Seminario and Justo Sierra streets. The Eagle Warriors were a privileged class who were dedicated to the god Huitzilopochtli, and dressed to look like eagles. [5][7], The fourth temple was constructed between 1440 and 1481 during the reigns of Moctezuma I and Axayacatl. Temple 7.0 The temple began as a modest structure in the 1300s, but as the Mexica, the ethnic group that came to rule the Aztec Empire, amassed wealth and territory, they enlarged the monument. 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